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Kaingang language
The Kaingang language (also spelled Kaingáng) is an indigenous language spoken in the South of Brazil, belonging to the Gê language family.〔〕 The Kaingang nation has about 30,000 people, and about from 60% to 65% speak the language. The majority also speaks Portuguese.
The Kaingang and Xokleng were previously considered a single ethnicity, which went by a number of names, including ''Amhó, Dorin, Gualachi, Chiqui, Ingain, Botocudo, Ivitorocái (= Amho), Kamé, Kayurukré, Tain (= Ingain), Taven.'' Some of these may have been tribal names; others were exonyms. Those living along the coast at the time of the Conquest were called ''Guayaná'', and are considered to be the ancestors of the Kaingang.〔''Enciclopédia dos Povos Indígenas no Brasil - Instituto Socioambiental''〕 It's not known to what extent the names might have corresponded to dialectal differences.
== Culture ==
The Kaingang language is classified as a member of the ''Ge'' family, the largest language family in the Macro-Ge stock. The Kaingang territory occupies the modern states of São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul (and, until the beginning of the 20th century, Misiones, Argentina). Today they live in around 30 indigenous lands (similar to Native American reservations), especially at Rio Grande do Sul and Paraná.
In the 1960s, because of a missionary interest (conducted by the Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL)), the language was studied by Ursula Wiesemann.〔〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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